The osteoarthritis of the knee joint is a common disease of the musculoskeletal system.According to statistics, every sixth person in old age is diagnosed with common deformation.Violation of cartilage integrity is the cause of changes in the mutual position of the bones.Compliance with preventive measures prevents the development of post -traumatic syndrome and will restore the operation of the musculoskeletal system.
What is the essence of the disease
The arthritis of the knee joint is destruction, dystrophic damage to the connective tissue in the cartilage cells of the femoral joint.They are more likely to get women, especially the overwhelming 40-year border.The disease can be a -side, arthrosis of the right knee joint or left or bilateral, affecting one or both legs at once.
Without proper treatment affects the disorder, the muscles affect, fibrous compounds (ligaments), bones.Because of that, you may lose the opportunity to move completely: With the final destruction of the cartilage, the bone will be exposed.
The concepts of gonarthrosis, osteoarthritis, deforming arthrosis are identical, are characterized by identical morphological, biological traits.Such a disease is typical of people of advanced age, but cases have become more frequent when the symptoms of deviations are diagnosed in children.
The reasons for the appearance of the problem
The risk of arthrosis increases with age.The main causes of the modification of the knee joint are a violation of metabolism in solid connective tissue and daily exorbitant loads.
The following factors affect the development of the disease:
- Biological aging processes.After 40, structural and functional changes occur, cell dystrophy.The cartilaginous losing its ability to regenerate.
- Problems with excess weight.The sale of adipose tissue in the organs creates a further load on the entire organism and the skeletal muscular system.People with a high body weight often suffer from arthrosis of the knee joint.
- Violation of blood circulation in the limbs.This leads to a slowdown in metabolism, artificial depletion of cells.
- Passive lifestyle.Physical activity must be affordable but regular.
- Diabetes.The pathology of the endocrine system is associated with insufficient production of insulin, which is involved in metabolism.In the fight against fatigue of energy, the body becomes vulnerable, the ships are clogged, and there is a decrease in the elasticity of the cartilage.
- Pregnancy.With that, there may be a change in the hormonal background, a set of additional weight, which can cause problems with the knee joints.
- Dysplasia.Pathology contributes to the premature deletion of cartilage that threatens the joint deformation.
- Damage, especially in children: dislocations, stretches, bruises.
The risk group is led by women with an excess body weight.
The degree of development of arthosis in the knee joint
The destruction process begins with cartilage and affects the entire knee joints.There are three stages of pathology depending on the degree of defeat:
- First.It is characterized by mild symptoms.A person complains of minor episodic pain in the knee, reduced activity after prolonged passivity (sleep).
- The other.The pain provokes any actions.It is enough to rest and the pain syndrome passes, but the resumption of physical activity involves discomfort.The main signs of pathology at this time: crunch in the knee, accumulation of synovial fluid.The narrowing of the gap between the bones in the collection of the gorge can only be seen in the radiographic image.In the picture, pathological changes are clearly visible.
- The third.Global changes in cartilage substance occur.A person cannot bend the leg of the knee, regular severe pain causes discomfort all day or night, the bone contour is rough.
The appearance of the first mild symptoms requires examination and consultation with the rheumatologist.
Most often, the patient seeks medical help at the last step where you cannot do without surgical intervention.
Important!It is possible to only diagnose deviations with an X -Ray.
Types of pathology
After the nature of the occurrence of deformation, there are two forms of pathology:
- Primary - a hereditary defect in the left or right knee joint: Develops in children from adolescence due to the wrong formation of the ligamentous apparatus.
- Secondary - post -traumatic arthrosis of the knee joint, provoked by bruises, stretch marks, injuries of bone parts.
The disease can affect the joints on one or both legs at the same time.
Methods for treating arthrosis of the knee joint
Treatment of arthrosis of the knee joint in children or adults occurs in two phases: The first is the relief of pain, the second is the effect on the factors of the disease.The forms and severity of gonarthrosis play a fundamental role in choosing a treatment method.
Types of therapy after exposure type are as follows:
- medicine;
- Manual Physiotherapy;
- surgical intervention;
- Folk Metodics.
An early improvement of the patient is possible with an integrated approach.
Drug treatment of arthrosis of the knee joint
Traditional treatment requires arthrosis of the knee joint in the last two stages.To reduce the pain for the pain, restore integrity and elasticity of connective tissue will help the following drugs:
- A group of non -steroid remedies.With strong pain, the drug is administered intramuscularly, you can take it orally or use gels and ointments.
- Chondroprotectors.Contribution to normalization of metabolism processes, preventing further deformation of the knee and recovering cartilage.
- Corticosteroid hormones.Relief of rapid swelling, redness, but causes side effects, therefore rarely prescribed in rare courses.
Complex therapy allows you to obtain remission of the disease, reduces the risk of manifestation of secondary femoral poddle arthrosis.
Physiotherapy of osteoarthritis of the knee joint
The treatment technique of exposure to hands, help units and mechanisms has a blocking effect on the destruction of the cartilage joints in the knee of children and adults and leads to the restoration of the musculoskeletal system.
The methodology of eliminating anatomical pathology includes the following types of manipulations:
- Massage.Such mechanical influence helps improve the outflow of lymph, normalization of metabolism, blood circulation.
- Therapeutic physical education is an effective method of recovering children and adult motor skills in the femur poddle joint.The classes aim to develop mobility and strengthen the ligamentous appliance.You can do gymnastics at home when the attacks are stopped.
- Reflectionology.Effect on the central nervous system through receptors.Acupuncture increases the muscle tone, saturates tissues with oxygen, activates immunogenic reactivity.
One of the most effective methods is physiotherapy or recycling based on natural factors: electrophoresis, mudrap, ultrasound therapy, ozokeritopiament will help locate the focus of inflammation.
Electrophoresis
With its help, a high concentration of drugs in the affected area is achieved, the liver and the gastrointestinal tract not negative effects.A specially created electric field provides carefully medicine directly to the affected area.
Mud
Mineral substances that are so rich in dirt as they penetrate damaged tissues, suspend the additional destruction of cartilage and later restore them.With dirt, blood flow increases, relaxing the muscles, metabolic processes are stimulated.
Ultrasonic treatment
Ultrasound relieves muscle cramps and relieves pain by activating metabolism, changes in acid-base balance and improving tissue spraying.
Ozokeritopia
Ozokerite is unique in composition due to a large number of micro -elements contained in it.Among the positive properties of this substance is the ability to recover soft tissue.It handles almost instantly unpleasant and painful sensations.
Advice!The gymnastics chosen by the participating doctor must be performed with a low movement amplitude.
Swimming courses contribute to rapid rehabilitation.During the procedure, the muscle muscles are strengthened.
Surgical treatment of arthrosis of the knee joint
Distrophy of the femoral joint in children and adults on the last step leads to complete deformation of solid connective tissue, bones.The doctor is forced to resort to surgical intervention: endoprotetics or arthrodesis.
In the first case, the affected LED is replaced partially or completely with a polymer or metal prosthesis, in the second, complete immobilization of the joint is performed to eliminate the pain syndrome.
Nuance!There are no age constraints for operational manipulations, but as practice shows, they are mainly resorting to after reaching 50 years.
Depending on a person's physiological properties, the recovery period will take approx.3 months.
Folk methods for treating arthrosis of the knee joint
Non -traditional therapy has a general strengthening effect on the entire organism.Independent treatment is allowed on the first phase of the pathology of the femoral poddle joint in children and adults.
Dandelion
The system is used as a component for infusions, compressions, caps.Its flowers are rich:
- calcium;
- Potassium;
- phosphorus;
- iron.
This contributes to rapid resuscitation and strengthening of the bone structure.
To prepare the infusion, you need a container that is half full of inflorescences and triple Cologne is added to the remaining space.Insists the composition for a month in a place protected from sunlight and then rubbed the finished liquid with massage movements into the dermis of a tender knee.
Burdock
Burdock leaves are a powerful antiseptic, speeding up the healing process of wounds, circulation recovery.The back of the sheet is applied to the damaged joint, tightly fastened with a warm fabric bandage or scarf.The procedure is performed overnight for a week.
Celandine
The celandin has an anti -inflammatory and pain -relieving effect.For 7 days in a row, a compress of grass is applied to the thigh -lifted joint.After 60 minutes, the articular region is treated with vegetable oil.The course of treatment is twice a month with a break of 8 days.
Golden Bart
Tincture on the leaves of a golden bart normalizes metabolic processes, relieves pain.15–20 leaves of the plant are poured with two glasses of boiling water, infused in a warm place.The daily dose is 75 ml in three doses after eating.
Grass ring with the wrong approach can have a negative effect.Before using medical plants, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with contraindications, it is even better to consult a doctor.
Prevention of arthrosis of the knee joint
Osteoarthritis of the knee joint, like any disorder, is easier to predict than to fight the consequences.
Preventive Measures:
- Daily diet.Proper nutrition is 50% success.Greasy foods with a lot of cholesterol should be avoided.Only a diverse and useful menu is allowed: Sorts with low fat fat of meat, fish, vegetables, fruits, grains, dairy products, nuts, juices.
- It is necessary to limit the consumption of flour, sweet, caffeine, tobacco and alcohol.
- With a sedentary lifestyle (sedentary work) every 2 hours perform a hot -up.
- It is necessary to be in the fresh air more often, go on foot, swim, sports.
- Wearing orthopedic shoes with elastic sole - this reduces the risk of osteoarthritis.
The most important thing is to undergo preventative studies with specialists twice a year.
For reference!Advice, narrowly tested specialists can properly choose the treatment: orthopedist, rheumatologist, arthrologist.
The prognosis for the treatment of arthrosis of the knee joint
The pathology provokes biochemical, mechanical changes in the joints of the articular cartilage, a decrease in its thickness, the formation of osteophytes (growths on the surface of bone tissue) and subchondrial cysts (cavities in organs).
The dystrophic damage to cartilage on the femoral poddle joint does not carry dangers for life, but it causes great discomfort.The sick person has low motor activity he suffers from serious pain.
Deforming arthrosis, including post -traumatic arthrosis of the knee joint, is progressive.It is difficult to predict the development of pathology - it all depends on the physiological properties of the body and lifestyle:
- age;
- Forms and degrees of deformation;
- Contemporary diseases;
- Performing the doctor's instructions;
- Activity areas.
The arthritis of the knee joint is treated, the most important thing is to detect such a change in the femur in children or adults and proper plant therapy.
It is important to confirm the diagnosis of deforming arthrosis at 1 and 2 stages of development when you can maintain the joint by recovering performance.The doctor can make a conclusion and determine the degree of joint damage on the basis of ultrasound, MRI, Arthroscopy and Radio Copy.
You may need more images to predict the dynamics of the development of femoral knee-pathology.
When diagnosing deforming arthrosis, a set of targets is aimed at restoring the activity of the musculoskeleter system, as the disorder itself cannot be healed even in children.